The dreams of theology and the realities of Christianity
Keywords:
Christian theology, self-perception of Christianity, heretical movements, “orthodox” churches, “folklore magic”, syncretic Christian spiritualtiesAbstract
Theologians are often considered to be the appropriate public and intellectual representatives or spokesmen of Christianity. However, Christian theology has been able to pre sent itself as encapsulating Christianity only as long as Christian institutions were powerful enough to monopolize the perception and self-perception of Christianity as a religion. In fact, Christianity cannot be understood through a single theological doctrine, but can be understood as a religion based upon a symbolic system, which manifests itself in ma ny specific Christian religions. A scholar of religion must thus accept the full variety of socalled heretical movements as legitimate expressions of Christianity, side by side with the “orthodox” churches, as well as “folklore magic” and syncretic Christian spiritualties – systems based on a Christian symbolic system, but incorporating non-Christian elements. Different, however, are syncretic post-Christian spiritualities, which are based on non-Christian symbolic systems, yet implement elements of Christianity.
References
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Muir E. Ritual in Early Modern Europe. — Cambridge, 1997.
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Samuel E.G. Civilized Shamans. Buddhism in Tibetan Societies. — Washington; London, 1993.
Secret F. Les kabbalistes chrétiens de la Renaissance. — Milan; Neuilly-sur-Seine, 1964.
Smart N. The Phenomenon of Christianity. — London, 1979.
Smith J.Z. The Bare Facts of Ritual // Imagining Religion. From Babylon to Jonestown. — Chicago, IL; London, 1982. — Р. 53—65.
Stausberg M. Faszination Zarathustra. Zoroaster und die Europäische Religiongeschichte der frühen Neuzeit. — Berlin; New York, 1998. — S. 42—92.
Styers R.G. Magical Theories: Magic, Religion and Science in Modernity, unpubl. PhD dissertation. — S. l.: 1997.
Tambiah S.J. Magic, Science, Religion, and the Scope of Rationality. — Cambridge, 1990.
Thoma K. Religion and the Decline of Magic. — Harmondsworth, 1971.
Van der Poel M. Cornelius Agrippa. The Humanist Theologian and his Declamation. — Leiden; New York; Cologne, 1997.
Yates F.A. Giordano Bruno and the Hermetic Tradition — London; Chicago, IL, 1964.
Website of the Center for History of Hermetic Philosophy and Related Currents // [Електронний ресурс]. Режим доступу: <www.amsterdamhermetica.com >.
Ahern G. Sun at Midnight. The Rudolf Steiner Movement and the Western Esoteric Tradition. — Wellingborough, 1984.
Allen C. Is nothing Sacred? Casting out the Gods from Religious Studies // Lingua France. — 1996. — 6. — P. 30—40.
Asad T. The Construction of Religion as an Anthropological Category // Genealogies of Religion: Discipline and Reasons of Power in Christianity and Islam, — Baltimore, MD; London, 1993 — P. 27—54.
Bakhuizen van den Brink J.N. Handboek der kerkgeschiedenis. — The Hague, 1965—1968. — Vol. 1.
Bednarowski M.F. New Religions and the Theological Imagination in America. — Bloomington, IN, 1989.
Berger P. The Heretical Imperative: Contemporary Possibilities of Religious Affirmation. — Garden City, NY, 1979.
Bossy J. Christianity in the West 1400—1700. — Oxford, 1985.
Brooke R., Brooke C. Popular Religion in the Middle Ages: Western Europe 1000—1300. — London, 1984.
Brown M.F. The Channeling Zone. American Spirituality in an Anxious Age. — Cambridge, MA; London, 1997.
Campbell B.F. Ancient Wisdom Revived. A History of the Theosophical Movement. — Berkeley, CA; Los Angeles; London, 1980.
Campbell J. Myths to Live by. — New York, 1972.
Carroll M.P. The Cult of the Virgin Mary. Psychological Origins — Princeton, NJ, 1986.
Chidester D. Christianity: A Global History. — San Francisco, CA, 2000.
Curtius E.R. Europäische Literatur und lateinisches Mittelalter — Bern; München, 1948. — S. 323—329.
Dan J. The Christian Kabbalah. Jewish Mystical Books and their Christian Interpreters. — Cambridge, MA, 1997.
Dekker G., De Hart J., Peters J. God in Nederland 1966—1996. — Amsterdam, 1997.
Edighoffer R. Rose-Croix et société idéale selon Johann Valentin Andraea, 2 Vols. — Neuillysur-Seine, 1981/1987.
Ellwood R. Theosophy. A Modern Expression of the Wisdom of the Ages. — Wheaton, IL; Madras; London, 1986.
Fanger C. Conjuring Spirits: Texts and Traditions of Medieval Ritual Magic. — Sutton, 1998.
Farmer S.A. Syncretism in the West: Pico's 900 Theses (1486) // The Evolution of Traditional Religious and Philosophical Systems. — Tempe, 1989.
Garmening D. Superstitio. Überliefrungs- und theoriegegeschlichtlichte Untersuchen zur kirchlichtheologischen
Aberglaubensliteratur des Mittelalters — Berlin, 1979.
Geertz C. Religion as a Cultural System // M. Banton (ed,). Anthropological Approaches to the Study of Religion. — London, 1966. — P. 1—46.
Hakl H.T. Der Verborgene Geist von Eranos. Unbekannte Begegnugen von Wissenschaft und Esoterik. Ein alternative Geistesgeschichte des 20. Jahrhunderts. — Bretten, 2001.
Hanegraaff W.J. Beyond the Yates Paradigm. The Study of Western Esotericism between Counter culture and New Complexity // Aries, 1 (2001). — P. 5—37.
Hanegraaff W.J. Christlijke Spiritualitet en New Age // Utrechtse Theologische Reeks, 36. — Utrecht, 1997. — P. 26.
Hanegraaff W.J. Defining Religion in Spite of History // The Pragmatics of Defining Religion. Contexts, Concepts & Contests / Ed. by J.G. Platvoet, A.L. Molenduk. — Leiden; Boston; Keulen, 1999a. — P. 337—378.
Hanegraaff W.J. Empirical Method in the Study of Esotericism // Method and Theory in the Study of Religion, 7 (1995). — P. 99—129.
Hanegraaff W.J. How Magic Survived the Disenchantment of the World // Religion 33 (2003). — P. 357—380.
Hanegraaff W.J. New Age Religion and Western Culture: Esotericism in the Mirror of Secular Thought (Studies in the History of Religions: Numen Book Series, 72). — Leiden; Brill, 1996.
Hanegraaff W.J. New Age Religion and Secularization // Numen 47 (2000). — P. 5—37.
Hanegraaf W.J. New Age Spiritualities as Secular Religion. A Historian's Perspective // Social Compass 46 (1999b). — P. 145—160.
Hanegraaf, W.J. Some Remarks on the Study of Western Esotericism // Theosophical History 7 (1999c). — P. 223—232.
Hanegraaff W.J. The Study of Western Esotericism: New Approaches to Christian and Secular Culture // New Approaches to the Study of Religion / Ed. by P. Anters, A.W. Geertz, R. Warne. — Berlin; New York, 2004.
Kieckhefer R. Magic in the Middle Ages. — Cambridge, 1989.
Lopez D. Buddhism in Practice. — Princeton, NJ, 1995.
Lucas P.C. The New Age Movement and the Pentecostal/Charismatic Revival. Distinct yet Parallel Phases of a Fourth Great Awakening? // Perspectives on the New Ages / Ed. by J. Lewis, J.G. Melton. — Albany, NY, 1992. — P. 189—211.
McCutcheon R.T. Critics not Caretakers. Redescribing the Public Study of Religion. — Albany, NY, 2001.
Morgan D. Visual Piety. A History and Theory of Popular Religious Images. — Berkely, CA; Los Angeles; London, 1989.
Muir E. Ritual in Early Modern Europe. — Cambridge, 1997.
Neugebauer-Wölk M. Esoterik in der frühen Neuzeit. Zum Paradigma der Religionsgeschich te zwischen Mittelalter und Moderne // Zeitschrift für historische Forschung, 27 (2000). — S. 321—364.
Platvoet J.G. Het religionisme beleden en bestreden, Recente ontwikkelingen in de angelsakische godsdienstwetenschap // Nederlands Theologisch Tijdschrift, 48 (1994). — S. 22—38.
Samuel E.G. Civilized Shamans. Buddhism in Tibetan Societies. — Washington; London, 1993.
Secret F. Les kabbalistes chrétiens de la Renaissance. — Milan; Neuilly-sur-Seine, 1964.
Smart N. The Phenomenon of Christianity. — London, 1979.
Smith J.Z. The Bare Facts of Ritual // Imagining Religion. From Babylon to Jonestown. — Chicago, IL; London, 1982. — Р. 53—65.
Stausberg M. Faszination Zarathustra. Zoroaster und die Europäische Religiongeschichte der frühen Neuzeit. — Berlin; New York, 1998. — S. 42—92.
Styers R.G. Magical Theories: Magic, Religion and Science in Modernity, unpubl. PhD dissertation. — S. l.: 1997.
Tambiah S.J. Magic, Science, Religion, and the Scope of Rationality. — Cambridge, 1990.
Thoma K. Religion and the Decline of Magic. — Harmondsworth, 1971.
Van der Poel M. Cornelius Agrippa. The Humanist Theologian and his Declamation. — Leiden; New York; Cologne, 1997.
Yates F.A. Giordano Bruno and the Hermetic Tradition — London; Chicago, IL, 1964.
Website of the Center for History of Hermetic Philosophy and Related Currents // [Електронний ресурс]. Режим доступу: <www.amsterdamhermetica.com >.
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Published
2017-05-12
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Hanegraaff, W. J. (2017). The dreams of theology and the realities of Christianity. Filosofska Dumka, (3), 92–116. Retrieved from https://dumka.philosophy.ua/index.php/fd/article/view/221
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